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The following information was given to me by a Scott D Hart in America who had researched the family name BAUM.He told me the following:-The name Baum originated in Germany and means "Tree".Many of the Germans from the Palatine region of Germany left there because of religious persecution.They travelled West by land,generally to Holland,where there was religious tolerance.Many went further West to England.Their intention was to embark from an English port by ship to the colonies.Those who stayed in Holland for any length of time frequently learned the language.But the main reason why the Pennsylvania Dutch are so called has less to do with thir language than the fact that they came by ship from Holland.Consequently,the Pennsylvania Deutsch became Pennsylvania Dutch. In the case of Scott's ancestors they went quickly to England and back to Holland where they stayed for about twenty years and then went on to Philadelphia in 1748.Most emigrants left the Palatinate in the earlier part of the 1700's. The name BAUM was researched by Frank Joslyn Baum,the son of L.Frank Baum(who wrote The Wizard of Oz) in 1958,in prepration for a complete genealogy.Thought the Baum's are not traced back to Europe through specific people,the family originates from Germany and the Palatine region,along the Rhine specifically. The following information was compiled in 1958 by Frank Joslyn Baum:-The Baum family is fairly old and prominent in Germany,as borne out by the records and references in German,dating back as far as the 11th century.Many Baum's aare descendants of Baum,the Surgeon of Hesses (part of the Palatinate)through is three sons who settled resectively in New York,Pennsylvania and Maryland.L.Frank Baum was one of the New York Line.